The Directorate of Medical Health and Family Welfare in Uttarakhand issued an advisory on Monday to address the rise in respiratory diseases, including seasonal influenza, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), and influenza-like illness (ILI), as winter increases the transmission risks.
Key Points from the Advisory
1. HMPV Spread and Symptoms
- Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is currently spreading globally, with no reported cases in Uttarakhand so far.
- The virus presents symptoms similar to the common cold, including a runny nose, cough, fever, and sore throat, and typically resolves within 3 to 5 days.
- There is no need for panic, as the disease does not require immediate treatment and is self-limiting in most cases.
2. Winter Season and Respiratory Diseases
- Increased transmission of respiratory diseases such as seasonal influenza (H1N1, H3N2), ILI, and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) is common during winter.
- These illnesses are more prone to spreading due to colder weather, with a higher risk of hospitalization in the elderly, children, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions.
3. Healthcare Facility Preparedness
- Hospitals are instructed to ensure:
- Availability of isolation beds, oxygen beds, ICU beds, and necessary equipment such as ventilators and oxygen cylinders.
- A sufficient stock of essential medicines, PPE kits, N-95 masks, and VTM vials.
- Adequate medical personnel in all healthcare facilities, ranging from medical colleges to primary health centers.
4. Monitoring and Reporting
- Patients with ILI or SARI should be closely monitored at both hospital and community levels.
- Data entry of cases into the Integrated Health Information Platform (IHIP) is mandatory under the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP).
- Rapid Response Teams are tasked with continuous monitoring of any unusual rise in flu-like symptoms, with quick action required to control the situation.
5. Public Awareness and Precautionary Measures
The guidelines emphasize widespread awareness through various platforms, highlighting:
- Hygiene practices, including using a tissue or handkerchief to cover the nose and mouth while sneezing or coughing.
- Regular hand washing with soap and water.
- Maintaining distance from individuals exhibiting flu-like symptoms to prevent transmission.
6. Special Care for Vulnerable Groups
- Children, elderly individuals, and those with underlying health conditions should receive extra care and attention during this time.
- It’s crucial to avoid crowded places, reusing tissues, and to avoid close contact with symptomatic individuals.
7. Dos and Don’ts
Dos:
- Seek medical advice if experiencing symptoms like cold, cough, or fever, and take only prescribed medications.
- Stay hydrated and consume nutritious food to strengthen immunity.
Don’ts:
- Avoid reusing used tissues or handkerchiefs.
- Do not shake hands or make close contact with symptomatic individuals.
- Do not self-medicate without a doctor’s prescription and avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth unnecessarily.
Conclusion
The advisory stresses the importance of preparedness, public awareness, and personal hygiene during the winter months to prevent the spread of respiratory illnesses, including HMPV, seasonal flu, and related complications. By adhering to these precautionary measures, the risk of widespread transmission can be minimized.