Rourkela: Scientists at the National Institute of Technology (NIT) in Rourkela have made eco-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles that can kill antibiotic-resistant superbugs, which are germs that have become immune to regular treatments. This is a big step forward in antibiotic research.
The study team, led by Associate Professor Suman Jha, made these nanoparticles from natural plant extracts from the leaves and petals of marigold, mango, and eucalyptus. The approach takes the place of traditional synthesis methods that involve dangerous, harsh chemicals.
“These nanoparticles hurt bacterial cells by making reactive molecules that mess up important processes and weaken the cell membrane.” “However, traditional methods of synthesis use harsh chemicals that are bad for people and the environment,” stated Prof. Jha in an interview with NDTV.
How the Process Works
The researchers turned zinc salts into zinc oxide nanocrystals by utilizing plant extracts. These extracts help with the synthesis and also shield the nanoparticles with a natural covering termed a Phyto-corona.
This “herbal shield” is very important because it controls the release of zinc ions, makes the antibacterial action stronger, and keeps the particles stable.
“The Phyto-corona helps the nanoparticles stick to bacterial cells and let zinc ions out, which hurt and kill the bacteria,” Jha said.
The nanoparticles kill bacteria by breaking down their membranes, producing reactive oxygen molecules, and stopping important biological operations.
More secure, more powerful, and more sustainable
The plant-based zinc oxide nanoparticles were found to be twice as effective in killing two common bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus subtilis, than chemically made ones.
The green synthesis process not only makes them stronger against germs, but it also cuts down on pollution and toxicity hazards in the environment.
“This research is a step toward creating a new generation of green nanomaterials that can make the healthcare system more sustainable,” Prof. Jha said.
Importance
Antibiotic resistance is now a global health concern, which means that traditional therapies don’t work as well. The NIT Rourkela discovery could lead to a new generation of environmentally friendly antimicrobial technologies that are safer and more sustainable than existing antibiotic treatments.